Learning more about joomla!

Joomla is an open source management system that is used for publishing the contents on the World Wide Web and intranets, including features like page caching to improve the performance, blogs, news flashes, RSS feeds, polls, web site searching, and language internationalization. It is licensed under General Public License, and is the result of a fork of Mambo. It is written in the personal home page tools (PHP) programming language and uses the relational data management system by default. The package consists of many different parts, built to be as modular as possible, allowing extensions and integrations to be made easy. There are five type of extensions for Joomla.
Components.
It is the largest and most complex extension of all, and can be seen as mini-applications, having two parts, an administrator part and a site part. It is the major portion of your page because a component is driven by a menu item and every menu item runs a component. Every time a Joomla page loads, a component is called to render the main page body. Components renders the main page of the body. So if we consider Joomla! as house then the component would be the member of that house.
Modules.
A module is a more light weight and flexible extension that is used for page rendering. These are used for small bits of pages that are generally less complex and are able to be seen across different components. Sometimes they are also linked to a component. These modules are mostly known as “boxes” that are arranged around a component like the login module. They are assigned per menu item. However modules do not need to be linked to the components, and in fact they do not even need to be linked to anything and can just be static HTML or text. So in terms of book analogy, a module can be looked at as a footnote or header block, that can be rendered on a particular page. Obviously you can have a footnote on any page but not all pages will have them. Footnotes also might appear regardless of which chapter you are reading.
Plugins.
It is one of the more advanced extensions for Joomla! In earlier versions they were also known as mambots. Along with the development of Joomla! they have been renamed plugins. It is a section of code that runs when a pre-defined event happens within Joomla! In the execution of any part of Joomla, be it core, a module or a component, an event can be triggered. When an event is triggered, plugins that are registered with the application to handle that event execute.
Templates.
A template is basically the design of your Joomla! powered website. It can change the look and feel of your website. Templates have a certain fields in which components and modules will be shown. They are easy to build or customize and provide maximum flexibility in how you style your site.
Languages.
Languages are packed as either a core language pack or an extension language pack. They allow both the Joomla! core as well as third party components and modules to be internationalized.
Each of these extensions handle a specific functionality.
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